Routers

A router is a device in computer network that forwards data packets to their destination based on their addresses. The work a router does is called routing which is somewhat like switching. A router is different from a switch because it breaks broadcast domain while switch breaks collision domain. Hence with the aid of a router, computers in different networks can communicate and share network resources such as files and printer. A switch on the other hand is simply used to form an active LAN.
Routing is the act of moving information across an internetwork from a source to a destination. It is often contrasted with bridging which performs similar function. The primary difference between the two is that bridging occurs at layer 2 (the link layer) of the OSI reference model, whereas routing occurs at layer 3 (the network layer). This destination provides routing and bridging with different information to use in the process of moving information from source to destination, so the two functions accomplish their tasks in different ways.
Routers use information within each packet to route it from one LAN to another, and communicate with each other and share information that allows them to determine the best route through a complex network of many LANS such as ethernet, fast ethernet and Gigabit ethernet.

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